import os
import subprocess
import sys
# find_library(name) returns the pathname of a library, or None.
if os.name == "nt":
def _get_build_version():
"""Return the version of MSVC that was used to build Python.
For Python 2.3 and up, the version number is included in
sys.version. For earlier versions, assume the compiler is MSVC 6.
"""
# This function was copied from Lib/distutils/msvccompiler.py
prefix = "MSC v."
i = sys.version.find(prefix)
if i == -1:
return 6
i = i + len(prefix)
s, rest = sys.version[i:].split(" ", 1)
majorVersion = int(s[:-2]) - 6
minorVersion = int(s[2:3]) / 10.0
# I don't think paths are affected by minor version in version 6
if majorVersion == 6:
minorVersion = 0
if majorVersion >= 6:
return majorVersion + minorVersion
# else we don't know what version of the compiler this is
return None
def find_msvcrt():
"""Return the name of the VC runtime dll"""
version = _get_build_version()
if version is None:
# better be safe than sorry
return None
if version <= 6:
clibname = 'msvcrt'
else:
clibname = 'msvcr%d' % (version * 10)
# If python was built with in debug mode
import imp
if imp.get_suffixes()[0][0] == '_d.pyd':
clibname += 'd'
return clibname+'.dll'
def find_library(name):
if name in ('c', 'm'):
return find_msvcrt()
# See MSDN for the REAL search order.
for directory in os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep):
fname = os.path.join(directory, name)
if os.path.isfile(fname):
return fname
if fname.lower().endswith(".dll"):
continue
fname = fname + ".dll"
if os.path.isfile(fname):
return fname
return None
if os.name == "ce":
# search path according to MSDN:
# - absolute path specified by filename
# - The .exe launch directory
# - the Windows directory
# - ROM dll files (where are they?)
# - OEM specified search path: HKLM\Loader\SystemPath
def find_library(name):
return name
if os.name == "posix" and sys.platform == "darwin":
from ctypes.macholib.dyld import dyld_find as _dyld_find
def find_library(name):
possible = ['lib%s.dylib' % name,
'%s.dylib' % name,
'%s.framework/%s' % (name, name)]
for name in possible:
try:
return _dyld_find(name)
except ValueError:
continue
return None
elif os.name == "posix":
# Andreas Degert's find functions, using gcc, /sbin/ldconfig, objdump
import re, tempfile, errno
def _findLib_gcc(name):
# Run GCC's linker with the -t (aka --trace) option and examine the
# library name it prints out. The GCC command will fail because we
# haven't supplied a proper program with main(), but that does not
# matter.
expr = r'[^\(\)\s]*lib%s\.[^\(\)\s]*' % re.escape(name)
cmd = 'if type gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then CC=gcc; elif type cc >/dev/null 2>&1; then CC=cc;else exit; fi;' \
'LANG=C LC_ALL=C $CC -Wl,-t -o "$2" 2>&1 -l"$1"'
temp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
try:
proc = subprocess.Popen((cmd, '_findLib_gcc', name, temp.name),
shell=True,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
[trace, _] = proc.communicate()
finally:
try:
temp.close()
except OSError, e:
# ENOENT is raised if the file was already removed, which is
# the normal behaviour of GCC if linking fails
if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
raise
res = re.search(expr, trace)
if not res:
return None
return res.group(0)
if sys.platform == "sunos5":
# use /usr/ccs/bin/dump on solaris
def _get_soname(f):
if not f:
return None
null = open(os.devnull, "wb")
try:
with null:
proc = subprocess.Popen(("/usr/ccs/bin/dump", "-Lpv", f),
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=null)
except OSError: # E.g. command not found
return None
[data, _] = proc.communicate()
res = re.search(br'\[.*\]\sSONAME\s+([^\s]+)', data)
if not res:
return None
return res.group(1)
else:
def _get_soname(f):
# assuming GNU binutils / ELF
if not f:
return None
cmd = 'if ! type objdump >/dev/null 2>&1; then exit; fi;' \
'objdump -p -j .dynamic 2>/dev/null "$1"'
proc = subprocess.Popen((cmd, '_get_soname', f), shell=True,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
[dump, _] = proc.communicate()
res = re.search(br'\sSONAME\s+([^\s]+)', dump)
if not res:
return None
return res.group(1)
if (sys.platform.startswith("freebsd")
or sys.platform.startswith("openbsd")
or sys.platform.startswith("dragonfly")):
def _num_version(libname):
# "libxyz.so.MAJOR.MINOR" => [ MAJOR, MINOR ]
parts = libname.split(b".")
nums = []
try:
while parts:
nums.insert(0, int(parts.pop()))
except ValueError:
pass
return nums or [sys.maxint]
def find_library(name):
ename = re.escape(name)
expr = r':-l%s\.\S+ => \S*/(lib%s\.\S+)' % (ename, ename)
null = open(os.devnull, 'wb')
try:
with null:
proc = subprocess.Popen(('/sbin/ldconfig', '-r'),
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=null)
except OSError: # E.g. command not found
data = b''
else:
[data, _] = proc.communicate()
res = re.findall(expr, data)
if not res:
return _get_soname(_findLib_gcc(name))
res.sort(key=_num_version)
return res[-1]
elif sys.platform == "sunos5":
def _findLib_crle(name, is64):
if not os.path.exists('/usr/bin/crle'):
return None
env = dict(os.environ)
env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
if is64:
args = ('/usr/bin/crle', '-64')
else:
args = ('/usr/bin/crle',)
paths = None
null = open(os.devnull, 'wb')
try:
with null:
proc = subprocess.Popen(args,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=null,
env=env)
except OSError: # E.g. bad executable
return None
try:
for line in proc.stdout:
line = line.strip()
if line.startswith(b'Default Library Path (ELF):'):
paths = line.split()[4]
finally:
proc.stdout.close()
proc.wait()
if not paths:
return None
for dir in paths.split(":"):
libfile = os.path.join(dir, "lib%s.so" % name)
if os.path.exists(libfile):
return libfile
return None
def find_library(name, is64 = False):
return _get_soname(_findLib_crle(name, is64) or _findLib_gcc(name))
else:
def _findSoname_ldconfig(name):
import struct
# XXX this code assumes that we know all unames and that a single
# ABI is supported per uname; instead we should find what the
# ABI is (e.g. check ABI of current process) or simply ask libc
# to load the library for us
uname = os.uname()[4]
# ARM has a variety of unames, e.g. armv7l
if uname.startswith("arm"):
uname = "arm"
if struct.calcsize('l') == 4:
machine = uname + '-32'
else:
machine = uname + '-64'
mach_map = {
'x86_64-64': 'libc6,x86-64',
'ppc64-64': 'libc6,64bit',
'sparc64-64': 'libc6,64bit',
's390x-64': 'libc6,64bit',
'ia64-64': 'libc6,IA-64',
# this actually breaks on biarch or multiarch as the first
# library wins; uname doesn't tell us which ABI we're using
'arm-32': 'libc6(,hard-float)?',
}
abi_type = mach_map.get(machine, 'libc6')
# XXX assuming GLIBC's ldconfig (with option -p)
expr = r'\s+(lib%s\.[^\s]+)\s+\(%s' % (re.escape(name), abi_type)
env = dict(os.environ)
env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
env['LANG'] = 'C'
null = open(os.devnull, 'wb')
try:
with null:
p = subprocess.Popen(['/sbin/ldconfig', '-p'],
stderr=null,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
env=env)
except OSError: # E.g. command not found
return None
[data, _] = p.communicate()
res = re.search(expr, data)
if not res:
return None
return res.group(1)
[docs] def find_library(name):
return _findSoname_ldconfig(name) or _get_soname(_findLib_gcc(name))
################################################################
# test code
def test():
from ctypes import cdll
if os.name == "nt":
print cdll.msvcrt
print cdll.load("msvcrt")
print find_library("msvcrt")
if os.name == "posix":
# find and load_version
print find_library("m")
print find_library("c")
print find_library("bz2")
# getattr
## print cdll.m
## print cdll.bz2
# load
if sys.platform == "darwin":
print cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.dylib")
print cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypto.dylib")
print cdll.LoadLibrary("libSystem.dylib")
print cdll.LoadLibrary("System.framework/System")
else:
print cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.so")
print cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypt.so")
print find_library("crypt")
if __name__ == "__main__":
test()